Day 3 Task: Basic Linux Commands
To view what's written in a file.
To change the access permissions of files.
To check which commands you have run till now.
To remove a directory/ Folder.
To create a fruits.txt file and to view the content.
Add content in devops.txt (One in each line) - Apple, Mango, Banana, Cherry, Kiwi, Orange, Guava.
To Show only top three fruits from the file.
To Show only bottom three fruits from the file.
To create another file Colors.txt and to view the content.
Add content in Colors.txt (One in each line) - Red, Pink, White, Black, Blue, Orange, Purple, Grey.
To find the difference between fruits.txt and Colors.txt file
Solution:-
ls - The ls is the list command in Linux. It will show the full list or content of your directory.
ls -a - you can see the whole list of files, including the hidden files.
ls -l - The ls command will only display the files.
ls -d */ - If you only want to display the sub-directories excluding all other files, you can
use this command
ls -g - If you don't want to display the owner information in your list
ls -lg - f you don't want to display the group information in your list
ls --color=[VALUE] - This command is used to colourize and decolourize the list.
**ls ~ -**it shows the contents of the home directory.
ls ../ - This command contains the list of the parent directory.
sudo - The Linux sudo command stands for Super User Do.
Sudo -V - It stands for version.
sudo -l - It stands for list.
sudo -h - The h stands for help in this option.
pwd - stands for Print Working Directory. It prints the path of the working directory, starting from the root.
$cat filename
it will show the content of the given file
cat file1 file2
This will show the content of file1 and file2
cat -n filename
It will show content with line number
cat > newfile
Will create a file named newfile
$cat "filename1" "filename2" "filename3" > "merged_filename"
The content will be copied in destination file
$cat file1 >> file2
Will append the contents of one file to the end of another file
$tac filename
Will display content in reverse order
$cat "filename1" "filename2" "filename3" > "merged_filename"
Will merge the contents of file in respective order and will insert that content in "merged_filename".
$cat *.txt
Will show the content of all text files present in the folder.
$cat >> safia.txt
The newly added text.
Will append the text "The newly added text." to the end of the file.
1.To view what's written in a file.
cat - This is the simplest and perhaps the most popular command to view a file in Linux.
nl - The nl command is almost like the cat command. The only difference is that it prepends line numbers while displaying the text in the terminal.
less - Less command views the file one page at a time.
**head-**head command is another way of viewing text files but with a slight difference. The head command displays the first 10 lines of a text file by default.
tail - it is similar and yet opposite to the head command. While the head command displays the file from the beginning, the tail command displays the file from the end.
2.To change the access permissions of files.
chmod +rwx filename to add permissions
chmod -rwx directory name to remove permissions.
chmod +x filename to allow executable permissions.
chmod -wx filename to take out write and executable permissions.
To check which commands you have run till now.
history - command is used to view the previously executed command.
To remove a directory/ Folder.
Use the rmdir or rm -d command to remove empty directories.
Use the rm -r command to remove non-empty directories.
5.To create a fruits.txt file and to view the content.
vim fruits.txt
apple
banana
mango
pineapple
guava
:wq
6.
Add content in devops.txt (One in each line) - Apple, Mango, Banana, Cherry, Kiwi, Orange, Guava.
vim devops.txt
apple
mango
banana
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